"Turkey Beyond Kemalism
By Mir Adnan Aziz
29 June, 2008
Countercurrents.org
The Ottoman Empire, with Turkey as the epicenter, was supposedly the zenith of the Islamic Caliphate. Its decline began in the sixteenth century. The initial response of the Ottoman court was to reform its military on the European model. Intended to be limited strictly to the military, it however led to more far-reaching consequences. In the mid-1700s, the Ottoman Empire had acquired a distinct European taint that compromised its core base. By the late 1700s there was no longer an Islamic authority that could even in principle mobilize the Muslims to support a war against any aggressor."
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