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Tuesday, December 31, 2019

EU Divisions In Libya Leaves Space Wide Open For Turkey

EU Divisions In Libya Leaves Space Wide Open For Turkey

Pascale DaviesContributor
Leadership Strategy

Europe will have to unite on a common position on Libya if it wants to keep third parties such as Turkey from exerting their influence on the war-stricken country.

More:EU Divisions In Libya Leaves Space Wide Open For Turkey

Turkey not implementing automatic alcohol, tobacco tax hike in H1 - Reuters

Turkey not implementing automatic alcohol, tobacco tax hike in H1

ANKARA, Dec 31 (Reuters) - Turkey will not implement an automatic tax hike on alcohol and tobacco products in line with producer price inflation in the first half of next year, the Official Gazette said on Tuesday.

More:Turkey not implementing automatic alcohol, tobacco tax hike in H1 - Reuters

Turkish Airlines, Boeing reach compensation deal

Turkish Airlines, Boeing reach compensation deal

Boeing to cover certain losses of Turkish Airlines caused by grounded, undelivered Boeing 737 Max aircraft

more;Turkish Airlines, Boeing reach compensation deal

Monday, December 30, 2019

Erdoğan eyes early elections as political problems grow - analyst | Ahval

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan could call snap nationwide elections, Ömer Taşpınar, a senior fellow at U.S.-based think tank the Brookings Institution, wrote in the Asia Times on Monday.

Turkey could be headed for the polls well before elections are scheduled in 2023 due to the country's troubled economic circumstances, new breakaway parties established by former senior members of Erdoğan's Justice and Development Party (AKP), the refugee problem and a worsening political crisis with the United States, Taşpınar said.

More:Erdoğan eyes early elections as political problems grow - analyst | Ahval

Erdoğan eyes early elections as political problems grow - analyst | Ahval

Erdoğan eyes early elections as political problems grow - analyst
Dec 30 2019 12:54 Gmt+3
Last Updated On: Dec 30 2019 12:58 Gmt+3
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan could call snap nationwide elections, Ömer Taşpınar, a senior fellow at U.S.-based think tank the Brookings Institution, wrote in the Asia Times on Monday.

Turkey could be headed for the polls well before elections are scheduled in 2023 due to the country's troubled economic circumstances, new breakaway parties established by former senior members of Erdoğan's Justice and Development Party (AKP), the refugee problem and a worsening political crisis with the United States, Taşpınar said.

More:Erdoğan eyes early elections as political problems grow - analyst | Ahval

Friday, December 27, 2019

Factbox: Erdogan pushes 'crazy' Istanbul canal dream despite opposition - Reuters

Factbox: Erdogan pushes 'crazy' Istanbul canal dream despite opposition
Ali Kucukgocmen, Jonathan Spicer

ISTANBUL (Reuters) - President Tayyip Erdogan has revived plans to dig a canal on the edge of Istanbul despite opposition from hundreds of petitioners and the city’s new mayor against the kind of mega project that has come to define Turkey’s economic boom and bust.

More:Factbox: Erdogan pushes 'crazy' Istanbul canal dream despite opposition - Reuters

Interview with jailed Turkish human rights activist Osman Kavala: "Nonsensical accusations" - Qantara.de

Interview with jailed Turkish human rights activist Osman Kavala

"Nonsensical accusations"
Turkish art patron and businessman Osman Kavala has been in jail for more than two years, accused of wanting to overthrow the government. Beril Eski spoke to him about his life in prison and his civil society projects

more:Interview with jailed Turkish human rights activist Osman Kavala: "Nonsensical accusations" - Qantara.de

Turkey's Halkbank Fails to Halt U.S. Prosecution for Aiding Iran - The New York Times

Turkey's Halkbank Fails to Halt U.S. Prosecution for Aiding Iran
By Reuters
Dec. 26, 2019

NEW YORK — A federal judge in Manhattan on Thursday rejected a request by Turkey's state-owned Halkbank to put on hold a federal prosecution accusing it of helping Iran evade U.S. economic sanctions.

More:Turkey's Halkbank Fails to Halt U.S. Prosecution for Aiding Iran - The New York Times

Thursday, December 26, 2019

Erdogan says parliament will soon approve sending troops to Libya - South Florida Sun-Sentinel

Erdogan says parliament will soon approve sending troops to Libya
By BY SELCAN HACAOGLU AND TAYLAN BILGIC
BLOOMBERG NEWS |
DEC 26, 2019 | 9:45 AM

ANKARA, Turkey Turkey's government will ask parliament in early January to authorize the deployment of troops to Libya after the internationally recognized administration in Tripoli requested help, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said.

More:Erdogan says parliament will soon approve sending troops to Libya - South Florida Sun-Sentinel

Turkey's block on Wikipedia violates freedom of expression, constitutional court rules - Turkey - Haaretz.com

Turkey's Block on Wikipedia Violates Freedom of Expression, Constitutional Court Rules
A block on the online encyclopedia has been in place for the past two years

The Associated Press SendSend me email alerts
Dec 26, 2019 2:39 PM

Turkey’s highest court on Thursday ruled in favor of Wikipedia, saying the Turkish government's two-year ban on the online encyclopedia constitutes a violation of freedom of expression, the state-run news agency reported.

More:Turkey's block on Wikipedia violates freedom of expression, constitutional court rules - Turkey - Haaretz.com

Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Istanbul mayor says canal project to "destroy city's water resources" - Xinhua | English.news.cn

Istanbul mayor says canal project to "destroy city's water resources"

Source: Xinhua| 2019-12-25 19:27:59|Editor: Lu Hui
ISTANBUL, Dec. 25 (Xinhua) -- The mayor of Istanbul warned on Wednesday that a canal being planned for the city would destroy the water resources of the most populous city of Turkey that have existed for thousands of years.

More:Istanbul mayor says canal project to "destroy city's water resources" - Xinhua | English.news.cn

Monday, December 23, 2019

Istanbul’s Opposition Mayor Confronted $2.4 Billion ‘Black Hole’ - Bloomberg

Istanbul’s Opposition Mayor Confronted $2.4 Billion ‘Black Hole’
By Baris Balci

After winning Istanbul’s local election in a landslide, Mayor Ekrem Imamoglu said he’s had to fight through a budgetary “black hole” of about 14 billion liras ($2.4 billion).

More:Istanbul’s Opposition Mayor Confronted $2.4 Billion ‘Black Hole’ - Bloomberg

Turkey enacts 7.5 percent digital service tax–MNE Tax

Turkey enacts 7.5 percent digital service tax
December 22, 2019 Asia-Pacific, Digital Economy, Featured News, Transfer Pricing, Turkey

By Ramazan Biçer, Partner, Centrum, Istanbul
Turkey has enacted its digital service tax, together with an accommodation tax, luxury residence tax and other important tax amendments under law No. 7194, published on the Official Gazette dated December 7.

More:Turkey enacts 7.5 percent digital service tax–MNE Tax

Recep Tayyp Erdogan warns Europe: Turkey can't take new wave of Syrian refugees

Erdogan warns Europe: Turkey can't take new wave of Syrian refugees
By Tuvan Gumrukcu
December 23, 2019 — 3.12pm

Ankara: Turkey cannot handle a fresh wave of migrants from Syria, President Tayyip Erdogan said, warning impact of such an influx will be felt in Europe if violence in Syria's north-west is not stopped.

More:Recep Tayyp Erdogan warns Europe: Turkey can't take new wave of Syrian refugees

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Turkish Lira at the crossroad | Daily times

Turkish Lira at the crossroad

Syed Zubair Ahmed

DECEMBER 21, 2019

Turkey’s lira has hit its weakest level against the dollar in more than two months after the U.S. Senate committee backed legislation on Wednesday to impose sanctions on Turkey, it would further aggravate the ties, which are already strained with Washington. It is expected that the central bank may further cut its benchmark rate.

More:Turkish Lira at the crossroad | Daily times

Friday, December 20, 2019

Support for Turkey's AKP dwindles: Erdogan’s homegrown rivals - Qantara.de

Erdogan’s homegrown rivals

Erdogan has ruled Turkey firmly for the last 18 years, but his party now faces a huge challenge: former party heavyweights who have jumped ship to establish their own new parties. By Ayse Karabat

More:Support for Turkey's AKP dwindles: Erdogan’s homegrown rivals - Qantara.de

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Turkish lira slides after U.S. Senate passes sanctions bill | Ahval

Turkish lira slides after U.S. Senate passes sanctions bill

Dec 18 2019 11:22 Gmt+3
Last Updated On: Dec 18 2019 02:15 Gmt+3
Turkey’s lira fell, plumbing its weakest levels in two months, after the U.S. Senate approved economic sanctions against Turkey for its purchase of Russian air defence missiles.

The lira dropped by 0.5 percent to 5.91 per dollar at 10:55 a.m. in Istanbul, taking losses this week to almost 2 percent.

More:Turkish lira slides after U.S. Senate passes sanctions bill | Ahval

Turkey's lira falls to two-month low on concern over U.S. ties - Reuters

Turkey's lira falls to two-month low on concern over U.S. ties

ISTANBUL, Dec 17 (Reuters) - Turkey’s lira declined more than 0.5% on Tuesday to its weakest level in two months, as concern over relations with the United States lingered and a lower real yield on the currency lessened its allure.

More:Turkey's lira falls to two-month low on concern over U.S. ties - Reuters

Turkey in Libya: Filling the European vacuum | European Council on Foreign Relations

Turkey in Libya: Filling the European vacuum
Commentary
Tarek Megerisi &  Asli Aydıntaşbaş
17th December, 2019
Brigitte N. Brantley

Europeans could still keep Libya a multilateral affair, if they can bring France onto a shared platform – and deploy newfound unity to draw American influence back in.

Last week, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan grabbed international headlines by declaring that Turkey was ready to deploy troops to Libya as part of a new security arrangement between Ankara and the Libyan government. Coming soon after the two sides concluded a maritime border agreement, the possibility of Turkish troops in the war-torn north African nation has further raised temperatures in the eastern Mediterranean over gas and drilling rights.

More:Turkey in Libya: Filling the European vacuum | European Council on Foreign Relations

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Does the new Future Party have a future in Turkey? | Ahval

Does the new Future Party have a future in Turkey?

Maaz İbrahimoğlu
Dec 16 2019 03:59 Gmt+3
Last Updated On: Dec 17 2019 03:15 Gmt+3
Turkey’s former foreign minister and prime minister, Ahmet Davutoğlu, launched a new political movement to rival his old comrades at the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) last week.

More:Does the new Future Party have a future in Turkey? | Ahval

bne IntelliNews - Turkish regime’s purge of mayors for first time extended to representative of main opposition

Turkish regime’s purge of mayors for first time extended to representative of main opposition
Turkish media outlet Menemen Haber reported that Burak Oguz's testimony in relation to his arrest has been revealed.
By bne IntelliNews December 17, 2019
Turkish prosecutors have for the first time extended their purge of opposition mayors accused of having links to terrorists to a representative of the main opposition Republican People’s Party (CHP).

More:bne IntelliNews - Turkish regime’s purge of mayors for first time extended to representative of main opposition

Erdogan renews call for ‘safe zone’ support as Syrians return

Erdogan renews call for ‘safe zone’ support as Syrians return
Ayla Jean Yackley December 17, 2019

ARTICLE SUMMARY
Turkey says that Syrian refugees are moving to an area under its control in northeast Syria, two months after capturing the strip of territory from Syrian Kurdish fighters.

More:Erdogan renews call for ‘safe zone’ support as Syrians return

US Congress ends Cyprus arms embargo, in blow to Turkey - France 24

US Congress ends Cyprus arms embargo, in blow to Turkey

Washington (AFP)

The US Congress voted Tuesday to lift a decades-old arms embargo on Cyprus, defying Turkey by seeking warmer ties at a time of renewed tensions.

More:US Congress ends Cyprus arms embargo, in blow to Turkey - France 24

Migrant arrivals in Europe from Turkey nearly double in 2019 | News | DW | 17.12.2019

Migrant arrivals in Europe from Turkey nearly double in 2019

According to a confidential EU report, 70,000 migrants have crossed from Turkey to the EU this year. The numbers raise questions about whether an EU-Turkey refugee deal is unravelling.

More:Migrant arrivals in Europe from Turkey nearly double in 2019 | News | DW | 17.12.2019

Roundup: Canal project divides Turks over environmental, financial issues - China.org.cn

Roundup: Canal project divides Turks over environmental, financial issues
December 18, 2019

ISTANBUL, Dec. 17 (Xinhua) -- Discussions about the construction of an artificial waterway, which would divide Turkey's most populous city Istanbul, have lately polarized the Turkish society over its environmental and financial impacts.

More:Roundup: Canal project divides Turks over environmental, financial issues - China.org.cn

Monday, December 16, 2019

Erdoğan’s Grip on Power Shows Cracks As Splinter Parties Emerge - The Media Line

Erdoğan’s Grip on Power Shows Cracks As Splinter Parties Emerge
KRISTINA JOVANOVSKI
12/16/2019

A second splinter party from the Turkish president’s AKP is expected to be announced in the coming weeks, giving disenchanted conservative voters an alternative

More:Erdoğan’s Grip on Power Shows Cracks As Splinter Parties Emerge - The Media Line

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Turkey: benchmark interest rate lowered to enhance economic growth | MENAFN.COM

Turkey: benchmark interest rate lowered to enhance economic growth

(MENAFN) Turkey's Central Bank has decreased the benchmark interest rate again in order to improve the economic expansion, as the decrease was made on Thursday in line with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's aim of arriving at single-digit interest rates in 2020.

More:Turkey: benchmark interest rate lowered to enhance economic growth | MENAFN.COM

Saturday, December 14, 2019

2 top tourist-draw Turkish cities lead for fastest growth beating out European rivals | MENAFN.COM

2 top tourist-draw Turkish cities lead for fastest growth beating out European rivals

(MENAFN) According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, 2 top tourist-draw Turkish cities led the way for fastest expansion in 2018, beating out their European competitors.

The GDP for Istanbul, the Turkish metropolis, and Antalya, a top Mediterranean resort, coming from direct travel and tourism increased 15.7 percent and 15.5 percent yearly, respectively, as the figure was over the average of the 73 cities (3.6%) analyzed in a report by the council.

More:2 top tourist-draw Turkish cities lead for fastest growth beating out European rivals | MENAFN.COM

Turkey remains world’s largest flour exporter - Latest News

Turkey remains world’s largest flour exporter
ISTANBUL

Turkey will close the year as the world’s largest flour exporter, said director of the International Association of Operative Millers (IAOM) Eurasia.

Turkey is expected to reach 3.3 million tons of flour exports in 2019 and 3.5 million tons in 2020, Günhan Ulusoy, who is also the head of the Turkish Flour Industrialists Federation (TFIF), told Anadolu Agency.

More:Turkey remains world’s largest flour exporter - Latest News

Friday, December 13, 2019

Turkey on a knife edge | GlobalCapital

Turkey on a knife edge

By Lewis McLellan, Mariam Meskin 12.00 AM
Turkey’s position economically, and from a capital markets standpoint, is better at the end of 2019 than it was a year ago. However, that is not to say all is well with the country — far from it. Prospects for 2020 are, at best, mixed with growing concerns over central bank independence and high debt levels
More:Turkey on a knife edge | GlobalCapital

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Erdogan says Istanbul canal project to go ahead despite mayor's opposition - Reuters

Erdogan says Istanbul canal project to go ahead despite mayor's opposition
Tuvan Gumrukcu, Ali Kucukgocmen
3 MIN READ

ISTANBUL (Reuters) - Turkey will soon hold a tender for a gigantic canal project on the edge of Istanbul, President Tayyip Erdogan said on Thursday, despite calls from the city’s mayor to scrap the project over its potential environmental impact.

More:Erdogan says Istanbul canal project to go ahead despite mayor's opposition - Reuters

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Turkey must free jailed rights activist Osman Kavala, rules EU court | News | DW | 10.12.2019

Turkey must free jailed rights activist Osman Kavala, rules EU court

The Strasbourg-based court has ruled the prominent businessman and activist was detained in order to silence him. Kavala has been put on trial for attempting to overthrow the government.

More:Turkey must free jailed rights activist Osman Kavala, rules EU court | News | DW | 10.12.2019

EU Facility for Refugees in Turkey declared a success

EU Facility for Refugees in Turkey declared a success

11th December 2019
The EU has announced that the full operational budget for its Facility for Refugees in Turkey has now been wholly mobilised.

More:EU Facility for Refugees in Turkey declared a success

Libya: The Turkish Gambit

Libya: The Turkish Gambit

December 11, 2019: The Turkish intervention could now include Turkish combat troops. That’s what the Turkish leader said yesterday. This is apparently in response to LNA predictions made the day before that the LNA would take control of Tripoli by the end of the year and then hold national elections in mid-2020. For Turkey such an outcome would be an embarrassing defeat. More than that it would eliminate another recent agreement with the GNA, which granted Turkey the right to explore for natural gas in Libyan offshore waters. In response to that the head of the Libyan Navy (a coast guard that is part of the LNA) said he has orders to sink any Turkish oil exploration ship that enters Libyan waters,

More:Libya: The Turkish Gambit

U.S. Lawmakers Move to Punish Turkey for Buying S-400 Russian Missile System

U.S. Lawmakers Move to Punish Turkey for Buying Russian Missile System

Congress stopped short of imposing sanctions but signaled it may act unilaterally if Trump does not.

More:U.S. Lawmakers Move to Punish Turkey for Buying S-400 Russian Missile System

Monday, December 09, 2019

Turkey joins top tier in human development, UN says

Turkey joins top tier in human development, UN says
Ayla Jean Yackley December 9, 2019

ARTICLE SUMMARY
Government spending on health care and a long-term economic expansion helped Turkey achieve "very high human development" for the first time, according to a new UN report — but a shaky recovery from a currency shock last year could exacerbate inequality in the coming years.

More:Turkey joins top tier in human development, UN says

Erdogan-Davutoglu standoff before launch of splinter party

Erdogan-Davutoglu standoff before launch of splinter party

A demonstrator shouts slogans during a protest against the economic policies of the government in Istanbul on Sunday. (Reuters)

Davutoglu is among the founders of the university being built on land in Istanbul’s Asian sector
ANKARA: Turkish domestic politics has seen intense infighting over the weekend between two leaders who were once close allies.

More:Erdogan-Davutoglu standoff before launch of splinter party

Sunday, December 08, 2019

UN Not To Engage In Cyprus-Turkey Raw Over Hydrocarbons Leaving It To Courts- Mission Head - UrduPoint

UN Not To Engage In Cyprus-Turkey Raw Over Hydrocarbons Leaving It To Courts- Mission Head
Mohammad Ali (@ChaudhryMAli88) 12 hours ago Sat 07th December 2019 | 06:28 PM

The United Nations is not going to engage in the settlement of the deepening dispute between Cyprus and Turkey over the exploration of the offshore mineral resources and leaves it to courts to solve, UN Secretary-General's Special Representative in Cyprus and Head of the UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus Elizabeth Spehar told Sputnik

More:UN Not To Engage In Cyprus-Turkey Raw Over Hydrocarbons Leaving It To Courts- Mission Head - UrduPoint

Thursday, December 05, 2019

Feature: Turkey uses plain packages to discourage smokers - Xinhua | English.news.cn

Feature: Turkey uses plain packages to discourage smokers
Source: Xinhua| 2019-12-06 02:58:02|Editor: yan
by Zeynep Cermen

ISTANBUL, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- In a tobacco shop at the iconic Taksim Square in central Istanbul, a couple of men were examining a pack of cigarettes.

More:Feature: Turkey uses plain packages to discourage smokers - Xinhua | English.news.cn

Judge: Turkish bank can't deny knowledge of criminal char

Judge: Turkish bank can't deny knowledge of criminal charges
Published: Thursday, December 05, 2019 @ 4:13 PM
Updated: Thursday, December 05, 2019 @ 4:13 PM
By: The Associated Press

NEW YORK — A judge cited “extraordinary” and “remarkable” meetings two years ago involving top U.S. and Turkey political figures to intervene in a New York prosecution Thursday as he rejected efforts by a state-owned bank in Turkey to now feign ignorance of criminal charges it faces in the same case.

More:Judge: Turkish bank can't deny knowledge of criminal char

Wednesday, December 04, 2019

Ekrem Imamoglu Is Istanbul’s Oppo-Party Mayor - Bloomberg

Ekrem Imamoglu, Istanbul’s Oppo-Party Mayor
His election victory was a stinging indictment of President Erdogan’s economic policies.
By Cagan Koc
December 4, 2019, 6:32 AM EST

Erdogan’s party had already lost Turkey’s capital, Ankara, and other big cities in March balloting as inflation, unemployment, and a plunging lira took their toll. But he refused to concede defeat in Istanbul, crying voter fraud after Imamoglu won by 14,000 votes. After Turkey’s top election board made the controversial decision to rerun the race, Imamoglu increased his margin of victory to 800,000 votes.

The president’s detractors in the city erupted in celebration at their first big political win since Erdogan became Turkey’s leader 16 years ago. Building on his reputation as someone who works across political lines, Imamoglu ran on a message of unity, with the campaign slogan “Everything Is Going to Be Great.” He also promised to tackle waste and debt.

More:Ekrem Imamoglu Is Istanbul’s Oppo-Party Mayor - Bloomberg

Tuesday, December 03, 2019

Erdogan to hold up NATO plan unless allies recognize terror threats against Turkey

Erdogan to hold up NATO plan unless allies recognize terror threats against Turkey
Diego Cupolo December 3, 2019

ARTICLE SUMMARY
Seeking a terror designation for Kurdish forces in Syria, the Turkish president has reaffirmed his threat to block a NATO defense plan for the Baltic nations and Poland as the London summit commences.

More:Erdogan to hold up NATO plan unless allies recognize terror threats against Turkey

Exclusive: U.S. defense chief calls on Turkey to stop holding up NATO readiness plan - Reuters

Exclusive: U.S. defense chief calls on Turkey to stop holding up NATO readiness plan
Phil Stewart

LONDON (Reuters) - U.S. Defense Secretary Mark Esper urged Turkey on Monday to stop holding up support for a NATO defense plan for the Baltics and Poland, as Ankara presses the alliance to support its fight against U.S.-backed Kurdish YPG militia in Syria.

More:Exclusive: U.S. defense chief calls on Turkey to stop holding up NATO readiness plan - Reuters

Monday, December 02, 2019

Turkey’s economy rebounds and the fourth quarter looks bright | Snap | ING Think

Turkey’s economy rebounds and the fourth quarter looks bright

Turkey's economy is rebounding strongly from recession thanks to supportive policies and a weak base from last year. Recent high frequency indicators suggest further momentum in the last quarter of 2019

More:Turkey’s economy rebounds and the fourth quarter looks bright | Snap | ING Think

Turkey-Libya maritime deal triggers Mediterranean tensions - Egypt Independent

Turkey-Libya maritime deal triggers Mediterranean tensions

Deutsche Welle
December 2, 2019
10:38 am

Two deals signed by Turkey and the internationally recognized government in Libya on maritime boundaries and military cooperation have angered their regional neighbors, ratcheting tension in the Mediterranean over energy resources and strengthening Turkey’s ally in the North African county ahead of a Berlin conference conflict in the region.

More:Turkey-Libya maritime deal triggers Mediterranean tensions - Egypt Independent

Putin, Erdogan Plan to Launch TurkStream Pipeline on January 8: Kremlin | Investing News | US News

Putin, Erdogan Plan to Launch TurkStream Pipeline on January 8: Kremlin
Dec. 2, 2019, at 6:17 a.m.

MOSCOW (REUTERS) - Russian President Vladimir Putin plans to travel to Turkey for talks with his Turkish counterpart Tayyip Erdogan on Jan. 8 where he will open the TurkStream natural gas pipeline, the Kremlin said on Monday.

More:Putin, Erdogan Plan to Launch TurkStream Pipeline on January 8: Kremlin | Investing News | US News

Sunday, December 01, 2019

Why Erdogan's Belligerence Is Out Of Control - Analysis - Eurasia Review

Why Erdogan’s Belligerence Is Out Of Control – Analysis
December 1, 2019 Dr. Theodore Karasik 1 Comment
By Dr. Theodore Karasik

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s behavior is rapidly spinning out of control. His belligerence is creating waves in and around the Mediterranean, dividing Europe and America, and presenting challenges to the West over how to respond.

More:Why Erdogan's Belligerence Is Out Of Control - Analysis - Eurasia Review