"Jewish Typography in Ottoman Lands
Although Hebrew presses operated in Spain and Portugal during the 15th century, due to persecutions and expulsions many incunables printed there did not survive in more than one copy or in complete copies; of those that did, fragments are extremely rare or unique (and it is assumed that some Iberian Hebrew incunables have been lost altogether). Printing was introduced to the Ottoman Empire and North Africa by Jewish refugees from Spain and Portugal, and in the subsequent centuries books in Hebrew and other languages were printed throughout the 'Sephardic diaspora,' in Turkey, Greece, North Africa, the Orient, Western Europe (Italy, Holland, Germany), and elsewhere. The geographic range of the Sephardic world is manifest in that a third of the surviving books in any exhibited collection of early Jewish printing are Sephardic works by Sephardic Jewish authors."
More:Mavi Boncuk: Jewish Typography in Ottoman Lands